@article { author = {Moghasemi, Sedigheh and Ziaei, Tayebe}, title = {How to deal with the common mistakes in applying Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI)}, journal = {Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health}, volume = {10}, number = {2}, pages = {3184-3185}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-4792}, eissn = {2345-4792}, doi = {10.22038/jmrh.2022.63201.1810}, abstract = {With the increasing expansion of studies in the field of women's sexual health, today various studies are being conducted using valid and standard questionnaires. The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) is a 19-item self-report questionnaire that measures six dimensions of female sexual function including desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction and pain. Calculating the score in this tool is a little different from other questionnaires because after calculating the score of each dimension as a sum of scores, the score should be multiplied by the specific coefficient of the same dimension (desire (0.6), arousal and lubrication (0.3), orgasm, satisfaction, and pain (0.4)). This is done to give the same weight to different dimensions of the scale (1).}, keywords = {1,2,3}, url = {https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_20221.html}, eprint = {https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_20221_96f12dfaf0d5c71b4a9468a85f803617.pdf} } @article { author = {Salehian, Maryam and Karimi, Fatemeh Zahra}, title = {Critical Appraisal of the Published Randomized Controlled Trials That Examined the Effect of Counseling-Educational Interventions On Exclusive Breastfeeding}, journal = {Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health}, volume = {10}, number = {2}, pages = {3186-3197}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-4792}, eissn = {2345-4792}, doi = {10.22038/jmrh.2022.62648.1779}, abstract = {Background & aim: Due to the significance of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in evidence-based care, it is essential to evaluate the quality of reporting of published RCTs in order to apply the results of trials in the field of breastfeeding counseling and training.Methods: In this critical review, the related articles were identified via searching in the English databases including Scopus, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar as well as Persian databases of SID, Magiran and IranDoc, using the relevant keywords. All the articles published from 2010 until 2021 were retrieved. Data collection tools included demographic questionnaire and CONSORT checklist. The quality of clinical trials was evaluated by two assessors using CONSORT 2010. The scoring range was 0-44.Results: A total of 17 articles were critically appraised. The overall compliance rate of the articles with the items in the CONSORT checklist was 49.2%. The greatest weakness in reporting was observed in the title and abstract (1.00± 0.35). The mean total score of quality of reporting was 18.35±3.33, with the minimum and maximum scores of 12 and 25, respectively.Conclusion: The appraised articles had an average quality. It is necessary that RCTs be conducted and reported in accordance with standard principles and be thoroughly reviewed critically with relevant checklists including CONSORT. Training of researchers can help to improve the quality of clinical trial reporting.}, keywords = {Critical appraisal,Counseling,Education,Exclusive breastfeeding}, url = {https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_19864.html}, eprint = {https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_19864_2f7da8323922fac7b6542a7329c7ba0d.pdf} } @article { author = {Tata, Nasrin and Esmaeilpour, Khalil and Najafzadeh, Nowruz and NaderMohammadi, Mehriar and Mirghafourvand, Mojgan}, title = {The Effect of Beck's Cognitive Therapy On Anxiety and Fear of Childbirth: A Randomized Controlled Trial}, journal = {Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health}, volume = {10}, number = {2}, pages = {3198-3209}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-4792}, eissn = {2345-4792}, doi = {10.22038/jmrh.2022.62495.1775}, abstract = {Background & aim: The prevalence of anxiety and fear of childbirth (FOC) during pregnancy is high. This study aimed to measure the effect of group counseling with Beck′s cognitive therapy on anxiety and FOC in primiparous women.Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted on 68 primiparous women who referred to the health centers of Ardabil, Iran. The participants were randomly assigned to the counseling and control groups. The intervention group participated in six, 60-minute weekly sessions of cognitive group counseling. All women completed the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) before the intervention and during the active phase of labor. A questionnaire for the measurement of fear of childbirth (W-DEQ version A) was completed before the intervention, at the 36th week, and also two hours after delivery (W-DEQ version B). Mackey Childbirth Satisfaction Rating (MCSR) and childbirth experience questionnaire were completed 12 to 24 hours after delivery. Data were analyzed using Chi-square, independent t-test, ANCOVA, and repeated measures ANOVA.Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of mean scores of state (P=0.842) and trait (P=0.859) anxiety during labor, FOC after the intervention (P=0.566), childbirth experience (P=0.400), and childbirth satisfaction (P=0.828). Also, there was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of vaginal delivery between the two groups (P=0.856).Conclusion: The findings of the present study showed that Beck′s group cognitive therapy was not effective in reduction of anxiety and FOC. Therefore, it is recommended to do more research in this regard in the future.}, keywords = {Anxiety,Fear of childbirth,Beck′s group cognitive therapy,Childbirth experience,childbirth satisfaction}, url = {https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_19918.html}, eprint = {https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_19918_47bc70e559c81fe00ab1e8189e153921.pdf} } @article { author = {Maleki Saghooni, Nahid and Kareshki, Hossein and Esmaily, Habibollah and Mirzaii Najmabadi, Khadigeh}, title = {A Qualitative Study Exploring Breastfeeding Mother’s Perceptions and Experiences of Appraisal Support Needs in Iran}, journal = {Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health}, volume = {10}, number = {2}, pages = {3210-3219}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-4792}, eissn = {2345-4792}, doi = {10.22038/jmrh.2022.62424.1762}, abstract = {Background & Aims: The rate of exclusive breastfeeding has declined in the world and therefore protection, promotion, and support of breastfeeding are considered to be a public health priorities. This study was conducted to explore breastfeeding mother’s perceptions and experiences of appraisal support needs.Method: A qualitative study carried out between 2017 and 2019, in five health centers, four hospitals, and two physicians’ offices affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Thirty three breastfeeding mothers, family members, and healthcare providers selected, purposively, for individual semi-structured in-depth interviews. Data were analyzed using directed content analysis adopting Elo and Kyngas approach.Results: Four categories and nine subcategories emerged in this study. The first category was 'affirmation from significant others' which contained two subcategories of ‘the need for approval from healthcare providers’ and ‘the need for affirmation from the husband and family members’. The second category was ‘the necessity of avoiding social comparisons due to unpleasant corollaries’, which had two subcategories: ‘unpleasant feelings caused by being compared to others’ and ‘being blamed when compared with others’. The third category was ‘offering constructive feedback’ with two subcategories of ‘providing positive feedback’ and ‘not giving negative feedback’. The fourth category was ‘persuasion’ which had three subcategories of ‘the need to encourage, ‘the need to be admired and ‘the need to be praised by significant others.Conclusion: Mothers need appraisal support to protect, promote and maintain established breastfeeding. Significant others have an important role in meeting the appraisal support needs of breastfeeding mothers.}, keywords = {Breastfeeding Mothers,Qualitative Inquiry,Social Support,Appraisal Support Needs}, url = {https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_19862.html}, eprint = {https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_19862_dd91c9ea32de18893c1e3ba7cd2abe24.pdf} } @article { author = {Pakdaman, Roghayeh and Firoozi, Mahboobeh and Mirzadeh, Mansoureh and Kazemi, Kataneh and Jamali, Jamshid}, title = {The Influence of Supportive Interventions On Decision Self-Efficacy and Decision Conflict in Mothers with Previous Cesarean Section to Choose Mode of Delivery: A Randomized Clinical Trial}, journal = {Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health}, volume = {10}, number = {2}, pages = {3220-3228}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-4792}, eissn = {2345-4792}, doi = {10.22038/jmrh.2022.62778.1793}, abstract = {Background & aim: Vaginal birth after cesarean section is a strategy which is recommended to reduce repeat cesarean section. Concerns about its complications can cause crisis in decision making. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate the effect of supportive interventions on decision self-efficacy and decision conflict in mothers with previous cesarean section to choose mode of delivery.Methods: This randomized clinical trial was carried out on 60 pregnant women with a history of previous cesarean section and gestational age of 28-30 weeks, who referred to the health centers in Bojnourd, Iran in 2020. The participants were randomly divided to intervention and control groups. Supportive interventions in the intervention group included in-person supportive counseling approach via three 45-minutes sessions per week, telegram channel, educational pamphlet and telephone. Data was collected in both groups before and four weeks after intervention by valid and reliabe decision self-efficacy and decision conflict questionnaires. The analysis of data was done by SPSS software (version 25) using independent t-test, paired t-test and Mann-Whitney.Results: There was a statistically significant difference in mean scores of decision self-efficacy (P =0.005) and decision conflict (P=0.010) in the intervention group four weeks after supportive interventions. While, the difference in mean scores of these variables was not significant in the control group.Conclusion: Supportive interventions could help to improve the decision self-efficacy and decrease decision conflicts in mothers with previous cesarean section to choose vaginal birth after cesarean section. It can be recommended as an effective strategy to promote natural birth.}, keywords = {Counseling,Decision Support,Decision Conflict,Self-efficacy,Vaginal Birth after Cesarean}, url = {https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_20061.html}, eprint = {https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_20061_bec4e0abe415fa7c99f32c19ec7b7989.pdf} } @article { author = {Ghorayshi, Faezeh and Hadizadeh Talasaz, Fatemeh and Rahmani, Roghayeh and Ahmadi, Huaran and Mohammadzadeh, Fatemeh}, title = {The Effect of Shared Decision Making on Anxiety and Satisfaction of Decision about Mode of Delivery in Pregnant Women with A History of Previous Cesarean Section: A Randomized Clinical Trial}, journal = {Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health}, volume = {10}, number = {2}, pages = {3229-3239}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-4792}, eissn = {2345-4792}, doi = {10.22038/jmrh.2022.62768.1789}, abstract = {Background & aim: Anxiety in pregnant women can have negative perinatal consequences. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of shared decision making on anxiety and satisfaction of decision about mode of delivery in pregnant women with a history of previous cesarean section.Methods: In this clinical trial, 78 pregnant women with previous cesarean section referred to the community health centers in Torbat-e Jam, Iran were selected and randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups. The Spielberger Anxiety Inventory was completed by the pregnant women at 24-30 weeks of pregnancy. In the experimental group, in addition to routine care, a counseling session based on three-stage shared decision making was held by a midwife and a supplementary counseling session by a gynecologist. The Anxiety Inventory was completed at 35-37 weeks of gestation and the Decision Satisfaction Questionnaire was completed 8 weeks after delivery for mothers in both groups in the community health centers and questions were asked about mode of delivery. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, student t-test and paired t-test.Results: After the intervention, the total anxiety score of pregnant women in the intervention group was lower than the control group and the difference between the two groups was significant (70.35±11.90 vs. 75.51±6.64; P=0.02). The score of decision satisfaction two months after delivery was higher in the intervention group than the control group and there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (21.87±3.18 vs. 19.94±3.13; P=0.008).Conclusions: Shared decision making as a practical and effective approach can reduce the anxiety score and increase the score of decision satisfaction in pregnant women with a history of previous cesarean section.}, keywords = {Shared decision making,Vaginal Birth after Cesarean,Anxiety,Decision satisfaction}, url = {https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_19919.html}, eprint = {https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_19919_d841232e6a15260d7e29daccc8663ad9.pdf} } @article { author = {Beheshti Nasab, Maryam and Bahmaei, Hadis and Askari, Saeedeh and Ghanbari, Saeed and Iravani, Mina}, title = {The Relationship between Health Anxiety and Prenatal Distress with Choosing Mode of Delivery among Pregnant Women During COVID-19 Epidemic: A Cross-Sectional Study}, journal = {Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health}, volume = {10}, number = {2}, pages = {3240-3247}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-4792}, eissn = {2345-4792}, doi = {10.22038/jmrh.2022.62345.1758}, abstract = {Background & aims: Corona-Virus is a serious infectious disease that was rapidly spread worldwide and caused considerable anxiety among people. Pregnant women are more prone to increased anxiety caused by the Covid-19 epidemic. This study was performed to evaluate the relationship between health anxiety and prenatal distress with choosing mode of delivery among pregnant women during COVID-19 epidemic in Iran.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 200 nulliparous pregnant women referred to the health centers of Ahvaz to receive the routine prenatal care. The questionnaires used were demographic, the health anxiety index-short form, and the prenatal distress questionnaire. At the end, the participants were asked by two questions whether their views on the mode of delivery has changed during COVID-19 epidemic.Results: A significant difference was observed between choosing mode of delivery before and after the onset of the covid-19 epidemic (P=0.012). Health anxiety and prenatal distress score was higher in women who selected cesarean section (P<001) after the onset of the epidemic. Also, the maternal concern for fetal health was significantly higher in mothers who chose cesarean section than in women who chose vaginal delivery (P=0.014).Conclusion: The findings of the current study showed that higher health anxiety and prenatal distress in pregnant women during the COVID-19 epidemic caused a significantly higher probability of selecting cesarean section as a mode of delivery. Therefore, it is very important to promote the mental health of pregnant women during the epidemic.}, keywords = {Anxiety,Pregnant woman,Childbirth,COVID-19}, url = {https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_19934.html}, eprint = {https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_19934_8e2915f7ac3f9375a17b2177191d0e21.pdf} } @article { author = {Nosratabadi, Mahnaz and Masoudiyekta, Leila and Majidipour, Narges and Sarabi, Nasrin}, title = {The Effect of Virtual Education on Fear Caused by COVID-19 Pandemic in Pregnant Women: A Quasi-Experimental Study}, journal = {Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health}, volume = {10}, number = {2}, pages = {3248-3257}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-4792}, eissn = {2345-4792}, doi = {10.22038/jmrh.2022.62694.1784}, abstract = {Background and Aim: Pregnant women are concerned about their health as well as their infants during the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of virtual education on fear caused by COVID-19 in pregnant women.Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in Dezful, Iran from November to January 2020. Seventy-three women were assigned to two groups of intervention (n=37) and control (n=36). Virtual training was implemented for the intervention group through sending a combination of audio and video files, educational videos, educational messages and messages for relaxation techniques every three days for four weeks during pregnancy, childbirth and hospital stay. The self-structured questionnaire of pregnant women’s fear of COVID-19 was used to collect data two weeks after intervention. Paired t-test, Independent T Test­, Chi-square, McNemar, and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for data analysis.Results: After the intervention, the mean score of fear caused by COVID-19 significantly decreased in pregnant women of the intervention (65.48±12.50) compared to the control group (92.22±14.03) (P<0.001). Also, the level of fear of Covid-19 significantly reduced in the intervention (86.5% moderate vs 13.5% severe fear) compared to the control group (8.3% moderate vs 91.7% severe fear) (P<0.001).Conclusion: Virtual education reduces the fear of pregnant women caused by COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, they are motivated to attend prenatal visits more regularly and this can improve pregnancy outcomes. Virtual education is therefore recommended to be used in health centers and midwifery clinics during Covid-19 pandemic.}, keywords = {Virtual education,COVID-19 pandemic,fear,Pregnant Women}, url = {https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_19935.html}, eprint = {https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_19935_13c1cf75ad529dfd07470ff815bf45a2.pdf} } @article { author = {Alirezaei, Somayeh and Latifnejad Roudsari, Robab}, title = {Imprisoned pregnant women's lived experience of prenatal care: A phenomenological Inquiry}, journal = {Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health}, volume = {10}, number = {2}, pages = {3258-3267}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-4792}, eissn = {2345-4792}, doi = {10.22038/jmrh.2022.62850.1795}, abstract = {Background & aim: Considering that the world’s female prison population has increased by about 53 per cent since 2000, the phenomenon of pregnancy in prisons is also increasing. One of the basic and specific needs of pregnant women is to receive prenatal care in prison. The purpose of this study was to understand the meaning of prenatal care in lived experience of imprisoned pregnant women.Methods: The present qualitative study was conducted using interpretive descriptive phenomenology through interviews with 11 pregnant and early postpartum women in prison. The participants were purposefully selected from pregnant women imprisoned in 2020 in Mashhad, Iran. Van Manen's six-step phenomenological approach was used for data analysis.Result: The main theme of the "fence of deprivation" emerged from the analysis. This theme consisted of two sub-themes including “overlooked healthcare” and “limited welfare services”. According to the research findings, the deficiencies and deprivations that surrounded pregnant women in prison cause health problems and impaired welfare for incarcerated women during pregnancy.Conclusion: The experience of prenatal care in prison can be likened to being placed in a fence of deprivation. Prisons are neither able to provide healthcare essentials nor to identify the healthcare needs as well as special needs and wants during delivery for pregnant women. Our results suggest a reexamination of the services currently available, including strengthening healthcare provision and making sure required health information is available to incarcerated pregnant women at an early stage of pregnancy.}, keywords = {Qualitative research,phenomenology,Pregnant Women,Prison,prenatal care}, url = {https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_19617.html}, eprint = {https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_19617_9283ceab9977821fc0fadc2d904035d2.pdf} } @article { author = {Khademolkhamseh, Fatemeh and Ebrahimzadeh, Samira and Rakhshandeh, Hasan and Mazloum, Seyed Reza and Ayati, Sedigheh and Akhlaghi, Farideh}, title = {The Impact of Equisetum arvense Vaginal Cream On Premature Rupture of Membranes in Primiparous Women with Striae Gravidarum: A Triple-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial}, journal = {Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health}, volume = {10}, number = {2}, pages = {3268-3277}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-4792}, eissn = {2345-4792}, doi = {10.22038/jmrh.2022.63188.1808}, abstract = {Background & aim: One of the risk factors of premature rupture of membranes is striae gravidarum, which occurs in 50-90% of pregnancies due to poor skin elasticity. It was found that Equisetum arvense is a medicinal plant containing silicic acid, which can increase tissue elasticity, strength and resistance by stimulating collagen synthesis. Therefore, this study examined the effect of Equisetum arvense vaginal cream on premature rupture of membranes in primiparous women with striae gravidarum.Methods: This triple-blind randomized controlled trial was performed on 90 pregnant women with gestational age of 37-38 weeks who had moderate and severe striae gravidarum, referred to the prenatal governmental and private clinics in Mashhad, Iran, between 2020 and 2021. Intervention and placebo groups, who were randomly assigned using quadruple blocks, soaked every night the beginning of the vagina with a fingertip of 3% Equisetum arvense vaginal cream or placebo from the beginning of 37-38 weeks until delivery. The occurrence of premature rupture of membranes was confirmed in case amniotic fluid leaks two hours before the onset of uterine contractions. Data were analyzed using independent t-test and Mann-Whitney.Results: The subjects in the two groups were homogeneous in terms of demographic and obstetric variables. Premature rupture of membranes in the intervention group (13.0%) was significantly lower than the placebo group (38.6%) (p = 0.005).Conclusion: Equisetum arvense vaginal cream is effective in preventing premature rupture of membranes. Therefore, its use is recommended to prevent premature rupture of membranes in women with moderate and severe striae gravidarum.}, keywords = {Premature rupture of membranes,Striae gravidarum,Equisetum Arvense Primiparous Women}, url = {https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_20143.html}, eprint = {https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_20143_efc5570502d0aba58abaedcb76ca603f.pdf} } @article { author = {Rezaee, Pari and Moradi, Maryam and Khadivzadeh, Talat and Kimiaei, Seyed Ali and Jamali, Jamshid}, title = {The effect of group counseling based on motivational interview on the motivation of childbearing in the female students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, journal = {Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health}, volume = {10}, number = {2}, pages = {3278-3289}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-4792}, eissn = {2345-4792}, doi = {10.22038/jmrh.2022.62832.1794}, abstract = {Introduction: Reproductive motivations are important factors in childbearing. The present study aimed to determine the effect of group counseling based on motivational interview on the motivation of childbearing in female students.Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted on 70 eligible single female students studying at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, who passed the course of family and population knowledge, and randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups. The intervention group received three 60-90 minutes sessions of weekly group counselling consisting of 10-12 individuals as well as virtual counselling through webinar, based on motivational interview. Data collection tools included a questionnaire on demographic data, Miller Childbearing Questionnaire and the Reproductive Preference Questionnaire, which were completed on a self-report basis before, immediately and four weeks after the intervention. Data was analyzed using independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, paired t-test, Chi-square and Fisher's exact test.Results: Before the intervention, the mean total score of positive and negative motivation of childbearing in female students was not statistically significant in the two groups. After counseling intervention, the score of positive motivation of childbearing increased (P<0.001), whereas, the total score of negative motivation (P<0.001) decreased, significantly, in the intervention group compared to the control group.Conclusion: Group counseling based on motivational interview was effective on promoting the motivation of childbearing in female students. Therefore, it is suggested that the present counseling intervention be commonly used in order to promote the motivation of childbearing in female students.}, keywords = {Childbearing,Motivation,Motivational interview,Group counseling,Students}, url = {https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_19863.html}, eprint = {https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_19863_37d26de514483957e0aa6f9797d96d6c.pdf} } @article { author = {Alijanpour, Masoumeh and Tehranian, Najmeh and Mohammadi, Eesa and Kazemnejad, Anoshirvan and Ozgoli, Giti}, title = {Women's Perceptions and Experiences of the Concept of Postpartum Sexual Function: A Directed Qualitative Content Analysis}, journal = {Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health}, volume = {10}, number = {2}, pages = {3290-3301}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-4792}, eissn = {2345-4792}, doi = {10.22038/jmrh.2022.62917.1797}, abstract = {Background & aim: There is sufficient information about female sexual function, but few studies have investigated postpartum female sexual function. Postpartum women’s sexual function may be dramatically affected by childbirth. This study aimed to explore women's perceptions and experiences of the concept of postpartum sexual function.Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using a directed content analysis approach based on Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) between 2018 and 2019. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 13 women referred to the health centers of Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran and were selected, purposively. The data were analyzed manually using directed content analysis adopted by Hsieh and Shannon (2005).Results: Overall, eleven categories emerged from the analysis. The six emerged categories were related to the predetermined components, namely sexual desire, arousal, lubrication, pain, orgasm, and satisfaction. The remaining five newly emerging categories included changes in the frequency of sexual intercourse, disturbed situation, changes in intimacy and relationship, physical (anatomical) changes, and psychological consequences.Conclusion: The results showed some new categories, in addition to the components of FSFI, which could be added to the concept of sexual function in postpartum period. Therefore, health service providers should consider these new additional concepts in the assessment, care, and treatment of female sexual dysfunction in postpartum women. }, keywords = {Female,Sexuality,Postpartum Period,Qualitative research}, url = {https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_19936.html}, eprint = {https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_19936_a2734d94ab90a9a287e28582790857d9.pdf} } @article { author = {Jafarbegloo, Esmat and Faridnyia, Faride and Ahmari Tehran, Hoda}, title = {The Impact of Intravenous Tranexamic Acid on Hemoglobin and Hematocrit Levels after Cesarean Delivery in Women at Low Risk for Postpartum Hemorrhage: A Randomized Controlled Trial}, journal = {Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health}, volume = {10}, number = {2}, pages = {3302-3308}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-4792}, eissn = {2345-4792}, doi = {10.22038/jmrh.2022.62505.1766}, abstract = {Background & Aims: Cesarean section (CS) results in about twice the blood loss as vaginal delivery. Blood loss can cause decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit. Few studies have been done on the effect of tranexamic acid on hemoglobin and hematocrit levels after delivery with controversial results. This study was therefore designed to determine the effect of intravenous tranexamic acid on hemoglobin and hematocrit after CS in women at low risk for postpartum hemorrhage.Methods: This randomized controlled trial was performed on 50 pregnant women referred to Izadi hospital, Qom, Iran, from August 15, 2016  to April 30, 2017. Subjects were randomly assigned into two groups of 25 using block randomization. The intervention group received 1 gr tranexamic acid 10 minutes before CS, while the control group received 1 gr distilled water. Hemoglobin and hematocrit were measured before and 12-24 hours after delivery. Also, the volume of blood loss from placental delivery was measured 2 hours after delivery.T-test was used to compare the differences between the two groups.Results: There was no significant difference in pre-operative and 12-24 h post-operative hemoglobin (12.17±1.21 vs 11.72±0.99 mg/dl) and hematocrit (37.73±2.38 vs 36.22±2.41mg/dl) in the two groups (P>0.05). However, Tranexamic acid significantly reduced the volume of total blood loss from placental delivery in the first 2 hours after delivery (616.32±176.87 vs 731.45±178.79mg/dl, P=0.028).Conclusions: Reduced blood loss after tranexamic acid was not associated with improvement of post-operative hemoglobin and hematocrit. Therefore, tranexamic acid should be prescribed according to the clinical condition and possible complications.}, keywords = {Hemoglobin,Hematocrit,Tranexamic acid,Cesarean section,Randomized controlled trial}, url = {https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_19962.html}, eprint = {https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_19962_c05fee029edb76335d17d139501aad88.pdf} } @article { author = {Hurissa, Bekana and Koricha, Zewdie and Dadi, Lelisa}, title = {Self-Esteem and Its Predictive Factors Among Women with Obstetric Fistula in Ethiopia: A Facility-Based Cross-Sectional Study}, journal = {Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health}, volume = {10}, number = {2}, pages = {3309-3316}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2345-4792}, eissn = {2345-4792}, doi = {10.22038/jmrh.2022.63250.1818}, abstract = {Background & aim: Women living with obstetric fistulas have been known to have increased depression, anxiety, and other mental health dysfunctions. Evidence shows that due to the obstetric fistula condition, there is a frequent maternal loss of self-esteem. Very few studies have identified sources of diminished self-esteem among women living with obstetric fistulas. Thus, this study aimed to assess self-esteem and its predictive factors among women with obstetric fistula in Ethiopia.Methods: A cross-sectional study was employed on consecutively selected 478 women in five fistula treatment centers in Ethiopia from April 01 to August 01, 2019. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS 23 software. Simple and multiple linear regression models were fitted for data analysis.Results: The mean self-esteem score was 24.53 ± 4.79. Age (β =-0.05; 95% CI=-0.10, -0.002), educational status at primary school (β=1.08; 95% CI =0.07, 2.09), overall quality of life (β=0.19; 95% CI=0.09,0.29), satisfaction with health (β=0.26; 95% CI=0.16, 0.36), and knowledge of fistula risk factors (β=0.22; 95% CI=0.01, 0.43) were significant predictors of the self-esteem of women with obstetric fistula.Conclusion: The self-esteem of women with obstetric fistula was low. All concerned bodies dealing with obstetric fistula should emphasize on holistic care for women with obstetric fistulas, work on  their awareness, training and counseling in relation to the risk factors of fistulas, and should work in ways that enhance the overall quality of life and health satisfaction of women living with obstetric fistula, which could then improve their self-esteem.}, keywords = {Vaginal Fistula,Vesicovaginal Fistula Rectovaginal Fistula,Female,Self-concept}, url = {https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_20434.html}, eprint = {https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_20434_4e79e5a7399d8e999c67f7913d292570.pdf} }