ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effect of Interactive Educational Workshops with or Without Standardized Patients on the Self-Efficacy of Midwifery Students in Sexual Health Counseling
Background & aim: Modifications in learning systems based on the concepts of self-efficacy and self-esteem are among the suggested strategies to bridge the gap between knowledge and practice. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of two interactive educational workshops with or without standardized patients (SPs) on midwifery students' self-efficacy in providing sexual health counseling at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran in 2014. Methods:In this quasi-experimental study, 62 B.Sc. and M.Sc. students of midwifery at Mashhad School of Nursing and Midwifery were randomly divided into two groups. The groups were trained, using one of two interactive educational workshops (with or without SPs) on sexual health counseling (10 hours). Data were collected, using a demographic questionnaire and a self-efficacy assessment tool. For data analysis, paired and independent t-tests were performed, using SPSS version 16. Results: The mean scores of students' self-efficacy in providing sexual health counseling in the two groups were not significantly different at the beginning of the study (P=0.587), while two weeks after the intervention, the scores were significantly higher in students who participated in SP-based workshops (76.0±10.9 vs. 66.7±5.9, P<0.0001). Conclusion: Although both methods could promote students' self-efficacy, the impact of workshops with SPs was more significant. Therefore, integration of this training method in midwifery educational curricula is recommended.
https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_6579_058056535a05082aaca9f931a1707e5a.pdf
2016-04-01
562
570
10.22038/jmrh.2016.6579
Midwifery education
Self-efficacy
Standardized patient
Teaching method Workshop
Talaat
Khadivzadeh
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Mina
Ardaghi
mina_ardaghi@yahoo.com
2
MSc in Midwifery, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Khadijeh
Mirzaii
mirzaiikh@mums.ac.ir
3
Associate Professor, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Seyed Reza
Mazloum
4
Lecturer, Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Eshaghi SR. The importance of sexual health at the individual and community health. Monthly Magazine the Health and Development. 2011; 2:44.
1
Coverdale JH, Balon R, Roberts LW. Teaching sexual history-taking: a systematic review of educational programs. Academic Medicine. 2011; 86(12):1590–1595.
2
Solursh DS, Ernst1 JL, Lewis RW, Prisant LM, Mills TM, Solursh LP, et al. The human sexuality education of physicians in North American medical schools. International Journal of Impotence Research. 2003; 15(5):S41–S45.
3
Nusbaum MR, Hamilton CD. The proactive sexual health history. American Family Physician. 2002; 66(9):1705–1712.
4
Faulder GS, Riley SC, Stone N, Glasier A. Teaching sex education improves medical students’ confidence in dealing with sexual health issues. Contraception. 2004; 70(2):135–139.
5
Pak Gohar N, Mir Mohammad A. Effect of pre-marriage counseling on sexual health. Tehran Journal of Nursing and Midwifery. 2005; 11(3-4):39-46.
6
Jahanfar SH, Molaeenezhad M. Textbook of sexual disorders. 2nd ed. Tehran: Bizhan & Salemi Publication; 2001. P. 354 (Persian).
7
Bandura A. Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency. American Psychologist. 1982; 37(2):122-147.
8
Bong M. Role of self- efficacy and task-value in predicting college students course performance and future enrollment intention. Contemporary Educational Psychology. 2001; 26(4):553-570.
9
Linnebrink EA, Pintrich PR. The role of self-efficacy beliefs in student engagement and learning in the classroom. Reading & Writing Quarterly. 2003; 19(2):119-137.
10
Zimmermon BJ. Self-efficacy: an essential motive to learn. Contemporary Educational Psycology. 2000; 25(1):82-91.
11
Haist SA, Lineberry MJ, Griffith CH, Hoellein AR, Talente GM, Wilson JF. Sexual history inquiry and HIV counseling: improving clinical skills and medical knowledge through an interactive workshop utilizing standardized patients. Advances in health sciences education. 2008; 13(4):427–434.
12
Saboori M, Jafari F, Monajemi A. The effect of employing standardized patient on history taking skills of medical students. Iranian Journal of Medical Education. 2010; 10(3): 276-283.
13
Erfanian F, Khadivzadeh T, Khadem N, Khajedelooie M. The effect of teaching by role playing on students' counseling and screening skills toward IUD clients. Iranian Journal of Medical Education. 2008; 8(2):275-284 (Persian).
14
Saif AA. Measurement evaluation and measurement methods. Tehran: Doran; 1998. P. 45 (Persian).
15
Wallace P. Coaching standardized patients: for use in the assessment of clinical competence. New York: Springer Publishing Company, LLC; 2007.
16
Tabibzadeh Nouri Z, Atapour S, Ebne Ahmadi A. The effect of tobacco cessation counseling training with standardized patients on self-confidence of and skills of senior's Dental student in Shahid Beheshti Dental School during 2010-2011. Journal of Dental School. 2012; 29(4):290-298.
17
Mitchell AM, Fioravanti M, Founds S, Hoffmann RL, Libman R. Using simulation to bridge communication and cultural barriers in health care encounters: report of an international workshop. Clinical Simulation in Nursing. 2010; 6(5):e193-e198.
18
Jarzemsky PA, McGrath J. Look before you leap: lessons learned when introducing clinical simulation. Nurse Educator. 2008; 33(2):90–95.
19
Sinclair B, Ferguson K. Integrated simulated teaching/learning strategies in undergraduate nursing education. International Journal of Nursing Education Scholarship. 2009; 6(1):7-16.
20
Pike T, O’Donnell V. The impact of clinical simulation on learner self-efficacy in pre-registration nursing education. Nurse Education Today. 2010; 30(5):405–410.
21
Chlan L, Halcon L, Kreitzer MJ, Leonard B. Influence of an experiential education session on nursing students’ confidence levels in performing selected complementary therapy skills. Complementary Health Practice Review. 2005; 10(3):189–201.
22
Schwartz LR, Fernandez R, Kouyoumjian SR, Jones KA, Compton S. A randomized comparison trial of case based learning versus human patient simulation in medical student education. Academic Emergency Medicine. 2007; 14(2):130-137.
23
Zraick RI, Allen RM, Johnson SB. The use of standardized patients to teach and test interpersonal and communication skills with students in speech-language pathology. Advances in Health Sciences Education. 2003; 8(3):237-248.
24
Lupi CS, Runyan A, Schreiber N, Steinauer J, Turk JK. An educational workshop and student competency in pregnancy options counseling: a randomized controlled trial. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2012; 207(5):414.e1-7.
25
Mohamadirizi S, Bahadoran P, Fahami F, Ehsanpour S. The effect of teaching through demonstration on midwifery student's self-efficacy in delivery management. Iranian Journal of Medical Education. 2014; 14(4):282-290.
26
Karbaschi R, Vartanoosian JJ. The effects of lecture-demonstration with self-learning methods on learning about microscope in nursing students. Journal of Shahid Beheshti School of Nursing & Midwifery. 2012; 21(75):58-63 (Persian).
27
Geyoushi B, Apte K, Stones RW. Simulators for intimate examination training in the developing world. Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care. 2003; 29(1):34-35.
28
Richard RD, Deegan BF, Klena JC. The learning styles of orthopedic residents, faculty, and applicants at an academic program. Journal of Surgical Education. 2014; 71(1):110-118.
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Boctor L. Active-learning strategies: the use of a game to reinforce learning in nursing education. A case study. Nurse Education in Practice. 2013; 13(2):96-100.
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Rostami R, Shahmohamadi K, Ghaedi G, Besharat MA, Akbari Zardkhaneh S, Nosratabadi M. Relations among self-efficacy, emotional intelligence and perceived social support in university students. The Horizon of Medical Sciences. 2010; 16(3):46-54 (Persian).
31
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of the Prevalence and Contributing Factors of Psychological Intimate Partner Violence in Infertile Women
Background & aim: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global public health issue leading to the death of many people every year. Experience of infertility profoundly affects the personal well-being of women. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and contributing factors of psychological IPV in infertile women referring to the infertility centers affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran in 2011. Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted on 410 infertile women selected via multistage sampling. Demographic data of infertile women (33 items) and their spouses (16 items) were collected. In addition, researcher-made IPV questionnaire (53 items) and general health questionnaire (GHQ) (28 items) were used. Data analysis was performed in SPSS V.16 using descriptive statistics (Chi-square, independent T-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation-coefficient, and linear regression). Results: In total, 410 infertile women were enrolled in this study, 74.3% of whom were victims of psychological IPV. Results of linear regression analysis indicated that psychological IPV and GHQ had significant associations with the ethnicity and physical diseases of the spouses of infertile women (P<0.05). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, rate of psychological IPV in infertile women was relatively high. Therefore, it is recommended that healthcare providers implement screening programs for the prevention of psychological IPV and the associated risk factors during infertility treatments. Such interventions could reduce the rate of psychological IPV and improve the general health of community.
https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_6625_566a0fef374aa418c676845a370bc20a.pdf
2016-04-01
571
581
10.22038/jmrh.2016.6625
General Health
Infertility
Intimate partner violence
Prevalence
Psychological
Risk Factor
Women
Giti
Ozgoli
gozgoli@gmail.com
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Zohre
Sheikhan
zsheikhan@gmail.com
2
Lecturer, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Alireza
Zahiroddin
3
Professor of Psychology, Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Malihe
Nasiri
malihenasiri@gmail.com
4
Assistant Professor, Department of Biostatics, School of Paramedic, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Saba
Amiri
s7amiri@yahoo.com
5
BS in Midwifery, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran
AUTHOR
Farahnaz
Kholosi Badr
6
BS in Midwifery, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran
AUTHOR
McCloskey LA, Williams C, Larsen U. Gender inequality and intimate partner violence among women in Moshi, Tanzania. International Family Planning Perspectivers. 2005; 31:124-130.
1
Cunningham FG. Williams: obstetrica. 23th. New York: McGraw Hill Companies; 2012.
2
Wahed T, Bhuiya A. Battered bodies & shattered minds: violence against women in Bangladesh. Indian Journal of Medical Research. 2007; 126(4):341-354.
3
Espinosa R, Gutiérrez MI, Mena-Muñoz JH, Córdoba P. Domestic violence surveillance system: a model. Salud pública de méxico. 2008; 50:s12-s18.
4
Johnson RJ, Humera A, Kukreja S, Found M, Lindow SW. The prevalence of emotional abuse in gynecology patients and its association with gynecological European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 133(1):1-122.
5
Roelens K, Verstraelen H, Egmond K, Temmerman M. A knowledge, attitudes, and practice survey among obstetrician-gynecologists on intimate partner violence in Flanders, Belgium. BMC Public Health. 2006; 6(1):238.
6
Sato-DiLorenzo A, Sharps PW. Dangerous intimate partner relationships and women's mental health and health behaviors. Mental Health Nursing. 2007; 28(8):837-848.
7
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Wilson JS, Websdale N. Domestic violence fatality review teams: an interprofessional model to reduce deaths. Journal of Interprofessional Care. 2006; 20(5):535-544.
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11
Hammoury N, Khawaja M, Mahfoud Z, Afifi RA, Madi H. Domestic violence against women during pregnancy: the case of Palestinian refugees attending an antenatal clinic in Lebanon. Journal of Women's Health. 2009; 18(3):337-345.
12
Koski AD, Stephenson R, Koenig MR. Physical violence by partner during pregnancy and use of prenatal care in rural India. Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition. 2011; 29:245-254.
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Avdibegovic E, Sinanovic D. Consequences of domestic violence on women’s mental health in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Croation Medical Journal. 2006; 47(5):730-741.
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Taherkhani S, MirmohammadAli M, Kazemnezhad A, Arbabi M, Amelvalizadeh M. Investigation of domestic violence against women and its relationship with the couple's profile. Journal of ForMed. 2009; 15:123-129.
16
Nohjah S, Latifi SM, Haghighi M, Eatesam H, Fathollahifar A, Zaman N, et al. The prevalence of domestic violence against women and its related factors in Khuzestan province, in 2007-2008. Behbood, Research Journal of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah. 2011; 15(4):278-286 (Persian).
17
Salehi S, Mehalian AH. The prevalence and types of domestic violence against pregnant women referred to maternity clinics in Shahrekord 2003. Shahrecord University of Medical Sciences Journal. 2006; 8(2):72-77 (Persian).
18
Hassan M, Kashanian M, Roohi M, Vizheh M. Domestic violence against pregnant women: prevalence and associated factors. Journal of Women and Society. 2010; 1(4):77-95.
19
Bonomi AE, Thompson RS, Anderson M, Reid RJ, Carrell D, Dimer JA. Intimate partner violence and women’s physical, mental and social functioning. American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2006; 30(6):458-466.
20
Akizuk IY, Kai I. Infertile Japanese women's perception of positive and negative social interactions within their social networks. Human Reproduction. 2008; 23(12):2737-2743.
21
Vahidi S, Ardalan A, Mohammad K. Prevalence of primary infertility in the Islamic Republic of Iran in 2004–2005. Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health. 2009; 21(3):287–293.
22
Sultan S, Tahir A. Psychological consequences of infertility. Hellenic Journal of Psychology. 2011; 8(2):229-247.
23
Ackerson LK, Kawachi I, Barbeau EM, Subramanian SV. Effects of individual and proximate educational context on intimate partner violence: a population-based study of women in India. American Journal of Public Health. 2008; 98(3):507–514.
24
Jeyaseelan L, Kumar S, Neelakantan N, Peedicayil A, Pillai R, Duvvury N. Physical spousal violence against women in India: some risk factors. Journal of Biosocial Science. 2007; 39(5):657–670.
25
Hunter WM, Sadowski LS, Hassan F, Jain D, De Paula CS, Vizcarra B, et al. Training and field methods in the WorldSAFE collaboration to study family violence. Injury Control and Safety Promotion. 2004; 11(2):91–100.
26
Moore AM, Frohwirth L, Miller E. Male reproductive control of women who have experienced intimate partner violence in the United States. Social Science and Medicine. 2010; 70(11):1737-1744.
27
Othman S, Adenan NA. Domestic violence management in Malaysia: a survey on the primary health care providers. Asia Pacific Family Medicine. 2008; 7(1):2.
28
Gibson DM, Myers JE. The effect of social coping resources and growth-fostering relationships on infertility stress in women. Journal of Mental Health Counseling. 2002; 24(1):68-80.
29
Nouri RK, Akhondi MM, Ardakani ZB. Psychosocial aspects of infertility from viewpoint of infertility treating physicians. Journal of Reproduction & Infertility. 2001; 2(3):13-26.
30
Sreshthaputra O, Sreshthaputra RA, Vutyavanich T. Gender differences in infertility-related stress and the relationship between stress and social support in Thai infertile couples. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand. 2008; 91(12):1769-1773.
31
Rashidi B, Hosseini S, Beigi1 P, Ghazizadeh M, Farahani M. Infertility stress: the role of coping strategies, personality trait, and social support. Journal of Family and Reproductive Health. 2011; 5(4):101-108.
32
Noorbala AA, Ramezanzadeh F, Abedinia N, Yazdi SA, Jafarabadi M. Study of psychiatric disorders among fertile and infertile women and some predisposing factors. Journal of Family Reproductive Health. 2007; 1(1):6-11.
33
Ghahari SH, Panaghi L, Mohammadi A. Evaluating the mental health of spouse-abused women. Journal of Gorgan University of Medical Sciences. 2007; 8(20):58-63 (Persian).
34
Tabatabaei SM, Panahandeh S, Hasanabadi M, Roshani F, Attari A. Relation between general health and marital satisfaction in employees of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Research Behavior Sciences. 2013; 10(6):491-499 (Persian).
35
Moghadam Z, Ardabily H, Salsali M, Ramezanzadeh F, Nedjat S. Physical and Psychological violence against infertile women. Journal of Family and Reproductive Health. 2010; 4(2):65-67.
36
Lipsky S, Caetano R, Roy-Byrnee P. Racial and ethnic disparities in police-reported intimate partner violence and risk of hospitalization among women. Women's Health Issues. 2009; 19(2):109-118.
37
Gannon K, Glover L, Abel P. Masculinity, infertility, stigma and media reports. Social Sciences & Medicine. 2004; 59(6):1169-1175.
38
Younesi SJ. Stigma and infertility in Iran-coping skills. Journal of Reproduction & Infertility. 2002; 3(4):74-86.
39
Fisher J, Hammarberg K. Psychological and social aspects of infertility in men: an overview of the evidence and implications for psychologically informed clinical care and future research. Asia Journal of Andrology. 2012; 14(1):121-129.
40
Lin JD, Lin LP, Lin PY, Wu JL, Li CD, Kuo FY. Domestic violence against people with disabilities: prevalence and trend analyses. Research in Developmental Disabilities. 2010; 31(6):1264-1268.
41
Abbasi SM, Asghari KA, Razeghi NH. Women and infertility experience: a case study in Tehran. Woman in Development and Politics. 2005; 3(3):91-114 (Persian).
42
Aklimunnessa K, Khan MM, Kabir M, Mori M. Prevalence and correlates of domestic violence by husbands against wives in Bangladesh: evidence from a national survey. The Journal of Men's Health & Gender. 2007; 4(1):52-63.
43
Basu S. Mental health concerns for Indian women. Indian Journal of Gender Studies. 2012; 19(1):127-136.
44
Cwikel J, Gidron Y, Sheiner E. Psychological interactions with infertility among women. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reductive Biology. 2004; 117(2):126-131.
45
Mirzaii K, Vakilian K, Hajian S. Prevalence of domestic violence (psychological): housewives compared to employed women and the relationship between domestic violence and some demographic factors in Shahroud, 2009. Scientific Journal of Forensic Medicine. 2010; 16(4):277-283.
46
Ragni G, Mosom P, Baldini MP, Somighiana E, Vegetti W, Caliari H, et al. Health-related quality of life and need for IVF in 1000 Italian infertile couples. Human Repduction. 2005; 20(5):1286-1291.
47
Williams KE, Marsh WK, Rasgon NL. Mood disorders and fertility in women: a critical review of the literature and implications for future Human Reproduction Update. 2007; 13(6):607-616.
48
Sbaragli C, Morgante G, Goracci A, Hofkens T, De Leo V, Castrogiovanni P. Infertility and psychiatric morbidity. Fertility and Sterility. 2008; 90(6):2107-2111.
49
Greil AL, McQuillan J, Shreffler KM, Johnson KM, Slauson-Blevins KS. Race-ethnicity and medical services for infertility stratified reproduction in a population-based sample of US women. Journal of Health and Social Behavior. 2011; 52(4):493-509.
50
Upkong D, Orji EO. Mental health of infertile women in Nigeria. Turkish Journal of Psychology. 2006; 17(4):259.
51
Ramezanzadeh F, Aghssa MM, Abedinia N, Zayeri F, Khanafshar N, Shariat M, et al. A survey of relationship between anxiety, depression and duration of infertility. BMC Women’s Health. 2004; 4(1):4-9.
52
Hassanpour S, Bani S, Mirghafourvand M, Kochaksarayie FY. Mental health and its personal and social predictors in infertile women. Journal of Caring Sciences. 2014; 3(1):37-45.
53
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
AIDS Risk Perception and its related factors in Women with High-Risk Behaviors in Iran
Background & aim: AIDS is one of the major public health challenges all over the world. Perceived risk is a significant predictor of high-risk behaviors related to AIDS. Women constitute more than half of the HIV patients, and the rate of female sex workers with AIDS is more than the rest of female population. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate AIDS risk perception and its related factors in females with high-risk behaviors in Mashhad, Iran. Methods:This descriptive study was performed on 58 women who were arrested on prostitution charges and imprisoned in Mashhad Vakil Abad Prison in 2013. The data were collected using self-designed questionnaires assessing knowledge regarding AIDS as well as sexual activities and also perceived risk of HIV questionnaire. One-way ANOVA, independent samples t-test, linear regression, and Chi-square tests were run, using SPSS version 16. Results: The mean score of HIV risk perception was 18.43±5.92, which was average. There was a significant relationship between the mean score of perceived risk of HIV and knowledge regarding AIDS (P=0.005), alcohol consumption (P=0.04), history of addiction (P=0.008), using contraceptive methods (P=0.01), condom use during intercourse (P=0.02), voluntary HIV testing (P=0.001), and follow-up of HIV test (P=0.009). Conclusion:The findings of the present study revealed that knowledge, alcohol consumption, history of addiction, contraceptive methods, the rate of condom use during intercourse, as well as voluntary HIV testing and follow-up were associated with perceived risk of HIV infection. Therefore, taking the necessary steps towards health promotion through appropriate training and interventional approaches seems to be mandatory for reducing high-risk behaviors in populations with low risk perception.
https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_6578_8152215b7b51f7fe2778e1e3c608b815.pdf
2016-04-01
582
591
10.22038/jmrh.2016.6578
Aids
High-Risk Behaviors
Perceived risk
Mahin
Tafazoli
tafazoli@mums.ac.ir
1
a) Lecturer, Evidence-Based Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran b) Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Mona
Larki
mona.larki66@gmail.com
2
MSc in Midwifery, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Robab
Latifnejad Roudsari
latifnejadr@mums.ac.ir
3
a) Associate Professor, Evidence-Based Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran b) 2 Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohamad Taghi
Shakeri
4
Professor of Biostatistics, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Ali
Babaee
5
General Practitioner, Applied Sciences Education Center in District 6- Prison Organization, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Joint united nations programmer on HIV/AIDS, & world health organization. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2008. P. 1-36.
1
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2
Kabbash IA, Abdul Rahman I, Shehata YA, Omar AA. HIV infection and related risk behaviours among female sex workers in greater Cairo, Egypt. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal. 2012; 18(9):920.
3
Nasirian M, Doroudi F, Gooya MM, Sedaghat A, Haghdoost AA. Modeling of human immunodeficiency virus modes of transmission in Iran. Journal of Research in Health Sciences. 2012; 12(2):81-87.
4
Mirzazadeh A, Nedjat S, Navadeh S, Haghdoost A, Mansournia MA, McFarland W, et al. HIV and related risk behaviors among female sex workers in Iran: bias-adjusted estimates from the 2010 national bio-behavioral survey. AIDS and Behavior. 2014; 18(1):19–24.
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The latest statistics of people with AIDS in Iran in 2014. Islamic Republic of Iran AIDS Progress Report. Available at: URL: http://aids.ir/post/823/%D8%A2%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9; 2015 (Persian).
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Overs C, Loff B. The tide cannot be turned without us: sex workers and the global response to HIV. Journal of the International AIDS Society. 2013, 16(1):18459.
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Kayiki SP, Forste R. HIV/AIDS related knowledge and perceived risk associated with condom use among adolescents in Uganda. African Journal of Reproductive Health. 2011; 15(1):57.
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Tran BX, Nguyen LT, Nguyen NP, Phan HT. HIV voluntary testing and perceived risk among female sex workers in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam. Glob Health Action. 2013; 6:1-7.
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Ankomah A, Omoregie G, Akinyemi Z, Anyanti J, Ladipo O, Adebayo S. HIV-related risk perception among female sex workers in Nigeria. HIV/AIDS Research and Palliative Care. 2011; 3:93–100.
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Koh KC, Yong LS. HIV risk perception, sexual behavior, and HIV prevalence among men-who-have-sex-with-men at a community-based voluntary counseling and testing center in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases. 2014; 2014:1-6.
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Jeffers A. Perceived risk for HIV among high risk individuals: a comparison of adolescents and adults. [Master Thesis]. Atlanta, USA: Georgia State University; 2012.
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Darbes L, Crepaz N, Lyles C, Kennedy G, Rutherford G. The efficacy of behavioral interventions in reducing HIV risk behaviors and incident sexually transmitted diseases in heterosexual African Americans. AIDS. 2008; 22(10):1177–1194.
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Thato S, Charron-Prochownik D, Dorn LD, Albrecht SA, Stone CA. Predictors of condom use among adolescent Thai vocational students. Journal of Nursing Scholarship. 2003; 35(2):157-163.
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Lotfi R, Ramezani TF, Yaghmaei F. Social support and HIV prevention among women at risk: a qualitative study. Payesh. 2013; 12(5):467-478 (Persian).
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Ford K, Wirawan DN, Reed BD, Muliawan P, Sutarga M. AIDS and STD knowledge, condom use and HIV/STD infection among female sex workers in Bali, Indonesia. AIDS Care. 2000; 12(5):523-534.
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Tran TN, Detels R, Long HT, Van Phung L, Lan HP. HIV infection and risk characteristics among female sex workers in Hanoi, Vietnam. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. 2005; 39(5):581-586.
22
Fallahi H, Tavafian SS, Yaghmaie F, Hajizadeh E. Perceived susceptibility to AIDS in men living with HIV: a qualitative research. Payesh. 2014; 13(3):357-365 (Persian).
23
Li Q, Li X, Stanton B. Alcohol use among female sex workers and male clients: an integrative review of global literature. Alcohol and Alcoholism. 2010; 45(2):188–199.
24
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). HIV risk among adult sex workers in the United States. Retrieved March. 2013; 6:2014.
25
Sebele MK. A comparative study on high risk sexual behavior of male student’s elite athletes, male student non-athletes and male students recreational sport participants at the University of Botswana. [Magister Thesis]. South Africa: University of the Western Cape; 2009.
26
Etemad K, Eftekhar Ardabili H, Rahimi A, Gouya MM, Heidari A, Kabir MJ. Attitudes and knowledge of HIV positive persons and high risk behaviors groups in Golestan, Iran. Iranian Journal of Epidemiology. 2011; 7(1) 23-31 (Persian).
27
Shiferaw Y, Alemu A, Assefa A, Tesfaye B, Gibermedhin E, Amare M. Perception of risk of HIV and sexual risk behaviors among University students: implication for planning interventions. BMC Research Notes. 2014; 19(7):162.
28
Essien EJ, Ogungbade GO, Ward D, Ekong E, Ross MW, Meshack A, et al. Influence of educational status and other variables on human immunodeficiency virus risk perception among military personnel: a large cohort finding. Military Med 2007; 172(11):1177-1181.
29
Nunn A, Zaller N, Cornwall A, Mayer KH, Moore E, Dickman S, et al. Low perceived risk and high HIV prevalence among a predominantly African American population participating in Philadelphia's Rapid HIV testing program. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2011; 25(4):229-235.
30
Kalichman SC, Cain D. Perceptions of local HIV/AIDS prevalence and risks for HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections: preliminary study of intuitive epidemiology. Annals of Behavioral Medicine. 2005; 29(2):100–105.
31
Onuoha FN, Munakata T. Correlates of adolescent assertiveness with HIV avoidance in a four-nation sample. Adolescence. 2005; 40(159):525–532.
32
Joshi AB. Sexual behaviour and risk perception of HIV/AIDS among female sex workers (FSWs) in Kathmandu city, Nepal. Journal of Nepal Health Research Council. 2004; 2(2):60-61.
33
Haque MR, Soonthorndhada A. Risk perception and condom-use among Thai youths: findings from Kanchanaburi demographic surveillance system site in Thailand. Journal of Health Population and Nutrition. 2009; 27(6):772-783.
34
Prata N, Morris L, Mazive E, Vahidnia F, Stehr M. Relationship between HIV risk perception and condom use: evidence from a population-based survey in Mozambique. Internatinal Family Planning Perspectives. 2006; 32(4):192-200.
35
Dandona R, Dandona L, Kumar GA, Gutierrez JP, McPherson S, Bertozzi SM. HIV testing among female sex workers in Andhra Pradesh, India. AIDS. 2005; 19(17):2033-2036.
36
Kline A. The effects of HIV/AIDS knowledge during adolescence: the role of this knowledge in predicting sexual behaviors and outcomes. [Doctoral dissertation]. Ann Arbor, USA: Psychology from the University of Michigan; 2014.
37
Hong Y, Zhang C, Li X, Fang X, Lin X, Zhou Y, et al. HIV testing behaviors among female sex workers in southwest China. AIDS and Behavior. 2012; 16(1):44–52.
38
Ghaderi S. The study of high-risk sexual behavior in addicted prostitution referred to treatment centers in Tehran. Tehran: Allameh Tabatabei; 2011.
39
Valadez JJ, Berendes S, Jeffery C, Thomson J, Othman HB, Danon L, et al. Filling the knowledge gap: measuring HIV prevalence and risk factors among men who have sex with men and female sex workers in Tripoli, Libya. PLoS ONE. 2013; 8(6):e66701.
40
Vian T, Semrau K, Hamer DH, Loan LT, Sabin LL. HIV/AIDS-related knowledge and behaviors among most-at-risk populations in Vietnam. The Open AIDS Journal. 2012; 6(1):259-265.
41
Rahmati NF, Niknami S, Amin SF, Ahmadi F, Tavafian S, Hajizadeh E. Individual factors predisposing HIV/AIDS high risk behaviors: a qualitative study. Payesh. 2011; 10(2):205-215 (Persian).
42
Karimi MA, Ghofranipor F, Heidarnia A. The effect of health education based on health belief model on preventive actions of AIDS on addict in Zarandieh. Journal of Guilan University of Medical Science. 2009; 18(70):64-73 (Persian).
43
Sutton MY, Hardnett FP, Wright P, Wahi S, Pathak S, Warren-Jeanpiereet L, et al. HIV/AIDS knowledge scores and perceptions of risk among African American students attending historically black colleges and universities. Public Health Reports. 2011; 126(5):653–663.
44
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effect of an Infant Care Educational Program on the Stress Level of Primiparous Women
Background & aim: Women experience various changes in their transition into motherhood and feel stressed while facing new challenges in this period. High levels of stress may prevent mothers from realizing their maternal role. In this study, we aimed to explore the effects of training on the stress of primiparous mothers. Methods:In this quasi-experimental intervention, 100 pregnant women were divided into control (n=50) and intervention (n=50) groups in Tehran, Iran in 2013. The intervention group received routine care, along with planned training in three sessions. The data collection tools included a demographic questionnaire, a childbirth information questionnaire, and a bisectional stress questionnaire. The stress questionnaire was completed before training and six and twelve weeks postpartum. For data analysis, repeated measures ANOVA, Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and t-test were performed, using SPSS version 16.0. Results: Based on the findings, no significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of demographic characteristics. However, a meaningful difference was reported in mean stress scores between the two groups at six and twelve weeks postpartum (PConclusion: Considering the effects of training on stress relief, design and implementation of educational programs for pregnant women are recommended to reduce their stress and improve their health conditions.
https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_6626_aa13bb807e14efca2c45cb73db553443.pdf
2016-04-01
592
599
10.22038/jmrh.2016.6626
Child care educational program
Maternal role
stress
Soghra
Jamshidbeiki
jamshidy2000@yahoo.com
1
MSc in Midwifery, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mehrnaz
Geranmayeh
geranmay@sina.tums.ac.ir
2
MSc in Midwifery, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Siyamak
Tahmasebi
siyamak.tahmasebi@gmail.com
3
Assistant Professor, Department of Preschool Education, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Zohreh
Khakbazan
khakbaza@sina.tums.ac.ir
4
Assistant Professor, Department of Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abbas
Mehran
mehranab@yahoo.com
5
Lecturer, Department of Biostatistics, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Ozkan H, Polat S. Maternal identity development education on maternity role attainment and my baby perception of primiparas. Asian Nursing Research. 2011; 5(2):108-117.
1
Brunton G, Wiggins M, Oakley A. Becoming a mother: a research synthesis of women’s views on the experience of first-time motherhood. London: EPPI Centre, Social Science Research Unit, Institute of Education, University of London; 2011.
2
Emmanuel E, Creedy DK, St John W, Gamble J, Brown C. Maternal role development following childbirth among Australian women. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2008; 64(1):18-26.
3
Nagi FW, Chan SW. Stress, maternal role competence, and satisfaction among Chinese women in the perinatal period. Research in Nursing & Health. 2012; 35(1):30-39.
4
Liu CC, Chen YC, Yeh YP, Hsieh YS. Effects of maternal confidence and competence on maternal parenting stress in newborn care. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2011; 68(4):908-918.
5
Stora J. Stress, new disease of civilization. Trans: Dadsetan P. Tehran: Roshd Publication; 2008 (Persian).
6
Simber M. Complementary therapies for pregnancy and childbirth. Tehran: Community oriented Healthy; 2004.
7
Dunkel Schetter C. Psychological science on pregnancy: stress processes, biopsychosocial models, and emerging research issues. Annual Review of Psychology. 2011; 62:531-558.
8
Tulman L, Fawcett J. Women ‘s health during and after pregnancy: a theory-based study of adaptation to change. New York: Springer Publishing Company; 2003.
9
Hung CH. Measuring postpartum stress. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2005; 50(4):417-424.
10
Reid C, Wong-Wylie G. Transition to motherhood: redefining yourself GCAP final project requirement. Available at: URL: http://dtpr.lib.athabascau.ca/action/download.approved.pdf; 2008.
11
Darvill R, Skirton H, Farrnd P. Psychological factors that impact on women’s experiences of first-time motherhood: a qualitative study of the transition. Midwifery. 2010; 26(3):357-366.
12
Bernardi JR, Ferreira CF, Nunes M, da Silva CH, Bosa VL, Silveira PP, et al. Impact of perinatal different intrauterine environments on child growth and development in the first six months of life -IVAPSA birth cohort: rationale, design, and methods. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2012; 12(1):25.
13
Copeland DB, Harbaugh BL. Transition of maternal competency of married and single mothers in early parenthood. The Journal of Perinatal Education. 2004; 13(4):3-9.
14
Tehrani TH, Haghighi M, Bazmamoun H. Effects of stress on mothers of hospitalized children in a hospital in Iran. Iranian Journal of Child Neurology. 2012; 6(4):39–45.
15
BahadoranP, Mohamad Alibeigi N. Stress and anxiety in pregnancy. Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research. 2005; 10(2):27.
16
Firouzbakht M, Nikpour M, Salmalian H, Ledari FM, Khafri S. The effect of perinatal education on Iranian mothers' stress and labor pain. Global Journal of Health Science. 2014; 6(1):10.
17
Geranmayeh M, Vasegh Rahimparvar SF, Tavvafian S, Mehran A, MosaviAbloyei SO. Effect of Educational program on knowledge, worry and self-efficacy’s primiparous mothers in infant care. [Master Thiess]. Tehran: Science of Midwifery in the Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery at Tehran University of Medical Sciences; 2011.
18
Holmes TH, Rahe RH. The social readjustment rating scale. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 1967; 11(2):213-218.
19
Shahim S. Family acculturation, behavior problems, and social skills of a group of Iranian immigrant children in Toronto. Psycological Research. 2007; 10(1-2):93-108 (Persian).
20
Hassanzadeh S, Afrooz GA, Pirzadi H. The effect of family-oriented social skills training program on cochlear implant users. Audiology. 2012; 21(3):103-109 (Persian).
21
Afshar H, Daghaghzadeh H, Adibi P, Seraj M, Nasr SH, Masaeli N, et al. The stressors and perceived social support in the patients with ulcerative colitis. Journal of Isfahan Medical School. 2010; 28(113):1-7 (Persian).
22
Jafarpour M, Esfandyari M, Mokhtarsahi S, Hoseini FS. The effect of stressful life events on postpartum depression. Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences. 2007; 10(4):1-4 (Persian).
23
Hayes L, Matthew J, Copley A, Wejsh D. A randomized controlled trial of a mother-infant or toddler parenting program: demonstrating effectiveness in practice. Journal of Pediatric Psychology. 2008; 33(5):473-486.
24
Svenssone J, Barclay L, Cook M. Randomised-controlled trial of two antenatal education program. Midwifery. 2009; 25(2):114-125.
25
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Prevalence and Risk Factors for Preterm Delivery in Tehran, Iran
Background & aim: Preterm delivery is one of the most important problems in pregnancy, as it is the primary cause of 75% of prenatal mortality and morbidities. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors for preterm delivery in Tehran, Iran. Methods:In this cross-sectional study performed in eight random hospitals from five different regions of Tehran (North, South, West, East, and center), the prevalence of preterm delivery was evaluated and the most frequent risk factors were identified. Samples were divided into preterm delivery (n=140) and term delivery (n=100) groups. Questionnaires were completed through interviews with mothers and using patient records. To analyze the data, Chi-square test was run, using SPSS version 16. Results: About 13,281 deliveries were included in the study. The highest and lowest prevalence of preterm delivery were 6.30% and 0.77% in the North and East regions of Tehran, respectively. The overall prevalence of preterm delivery was 1.52% in Tehran. In the preterm group, age ≥35 years, pre-mature rupture of membranes, bleeding, gestational hypertension, history of preterm delivery and abortion, multiple pregnancy, and preeclampsia were significantly more frequent than the term delivery group. Conclusion: Spontaneous preterm birth was one of the major causes of maternal and neonatal morbidity; therefore, identification of its risk factors would be beneficial.
https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_6605_a04246482c87b45d4aea850d387e817e.pdf
2016-04-01
600
604
10.22038/jmrh.2016.6605
Preterm delivery
Prevalence Rate
Risk factors
Najmeh
Tehranian
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Reproductive Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Minoo
Ranjbar
2
MSc in Midwifery, Department of Midwifery, Bonab Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bonab, Iran
AUTHOR
Fatemeh
Shobeiri
fshobeiri@yahoo.com
3
Associate Professor, Mother and Child Care Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Blencowe H, Cousens S, Oestergaard MZ, Chou D, Moller AB, Narwal R, et al. National, regional, and worldwide estimates of preterm birth rates in the year 2010 with time trends since 1990 for selected countries: a systematic analysis and implications. The Lancet. 2012; 379(9832):2162–2172.
1
Beck S, Wojdyla D, Say L, Betran AP, Merialdi M, Requejo JH, et al. The worldwide incidence of preterm birth: a systematic review of maternal mortality and morbidity. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 2010; 88(1):31–38.
2
Kamali Fard M, Alizadeh R, Sehati Shafaei F, Gojazadeh M. The effect of lifestyle on the rate of preterm birth. Journal of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences. 2010; 10(1):55-63.
3
Epiney M, Boulvain M, Irion O. Psychosocial risk factors and preterm delivery. Review Medical Science. 2011; 7(314):2066-2068.
4
Moster D, Lie RT, Markestad T. Long-term medical and social consequences of preterm birth. New England Journal of Medicine. 2008; 359(3):262-273.
5
Behrman V. Preterm birth: prevention and management. Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell; 2010.
6
Shobeiri F, Begum K, Nazari M. A prospective study of maternal hemoglobin status of Indian women during pregnancy and pregnancy outcome. Nutrition Research. 2006; 26(5):209–213.
7
Shobeiri F, Nazari M. Patterns of weight gain and birth weight amongst Indian women. Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2006; 31(2):94-97.
8
Lefebvre F, Mazurier E, Tessier R. Cognitive and educational outcomes in early adulthood for infants weighting 1000 grams or less at birth. Acta Paediatrica. 2005; 94(6):733-740.
9
Saigal S, Stoskopf B, Streiner D, Boyle M, Pinelli J, Paneth N, et al. Transition of extremely low-birth-weight infants from adolescence to young adulthood: comparison with normal birth-weight controls. JAMA. 2006; 295(6):667-675.
10
Goldenberg RL, Culhane JF, Iams JD, Romero R. Epidemiology and causes of preterm birth. Lancet. 2008; 371(9606):75-84.
11
Alimohammadi SH, Sanginabadi M, Saeifrabiei MA, Shobeiri F. A Comparative evaluation of maternal & Neonatal complications in women between outpatients & Inpatients with Preterm Premature Rupture of the membranes. Scientific Journal of Hamadan Nursing & Midwifery Faculty 2014; 22(2): 26-32.
12
Shobeiri F, Nazari M. Vaginitis in intrauterine contraceptive device users. Health. 2014, 6(11):1218-1223.
13
Barton M, O'Brien K, Robinson JL, Davies DH, Simpson K, Asztalos E, et al. Invasive candidiasis in low birth weight preterm infants: risk factors, clinical course and outcome in a prospective multicenter study of cases and their matched controls. BMC Infectious Dis 2014; 14(1):327-330.
14
Newburn-Cook CV, Onyskiw JE. Is older maternal age a risk factor for preterm birth and fetal growth restriction? A systematic review. Health Care for Women 2005; 26(9):852-875.
15
Shrim A, Ates S, Mallozzi A, Brown R, Ponette V, Levin I, et al. Is young maternal age really a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcome in a Canadian tertiary referral hospital? Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecol 2011; 24(4):218-222.
16
Schempf AH, Branum AM, Lukacs SL, Schoendorf KC. Maternal age and parity-associated risks of preterm birth: differences by race/ethnicity. Pediatric and Prenatal Epidemiol 2007; 21(1):34-43.
17
Offiah I, O'Donoghue K, Kenny L. Clinical risk factors for preterm birth. New York: INTECH Open Access Publisher; 2012.
18
Sun L, Tao F, Hao J, Su P, Liu F, Xu R. First trimester vaginal bleeding and adverse pregnancy outcomes among Chinese women: from a large cohort study in China. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Med 2012; 25(8):1297-1301.
19
Lykke JA, Dideriksen KL, Lidegaard O, Langhoff-Roos J. First-trimester vaginal bleeding and complications later in pregnancy. Obstetrics & Gynecol 2010; 115(5):935-944.
20
Morisaki N, Togoobaatar G, Vogel JP, Souza JP, Rowland Hogue CJ, Jayaratne K, et al. Risk factors for spontaneous and provider-initiated preterm delivery in high and low Human Development Index countries: a secondary analysis of the World Health Organization Multicountry Survey on Maternal and Newborn Health. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2014; 121(S1):101-109.
21
Fox NS, Stern E, Gupta S, Saltzman DH, Klauser CK, Rebarber A. Preterm birth or small for gestational age in a singleton pregnancy and risk of recurrence in a subsequent twin pregnancy. Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2015; 125(4):870-875.
22
Ancel PY, Lelong N, Papiernik E, Saurel-Cubizolles MJ, Kaminski M. History of induced abortion as a risk factor for preterm birth in European countries: results of the Europe survey. Human Reprod 2004; 19(3):734-740.
23
Al-Dabbagh S, AL-Taee WY. Risk factors for pre-term birth in Iraq: a case-control study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth. 2006; 6(1):10-11.
24
Krymko H, Bashiri A, Smolin A, Sheiner E, Bar-David J, Shoham-Vardi, et al. Risk factors for recurrent preterm European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology. 2004; 113(2):160-163.
25
Kazemier BM, Buijs PE, Mignini L, Limpens J, Groot CJ, Mol BW. Impact of obstetric history on the risk of spontaneous preterm birth in singleton and multiple pregnancies: a systematic review. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology. 2014; 121(10):1197-1208.
26
Mohamadi N, Shobeiri F, Khodaveisi M. A survey on physical violence during pregnancy and its effect on pregnancy. Scientific Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences. 2013; 20(3):38-45.
27
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Competence of Healthcare Workers in Sexual Health Education for Female Adolescents at Schools
Background & aim: Sexual health education is one of the responsibilities of healthcare workers at schools, which can reduce the risk of sexually transmitted diseases such as AIDS, unwanted pregnancy, abortion, substance abuse, sexual violence, and suicidal tendencies. This study aimed to investigate healthcare workers’ competence in sexual health education for female adolescents at schools. Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 healthcare workers, responsible for sexual health education at schools in 2015. A valid and reliable researcher-made questionnaire was completed by the healthcare workers in order to assess their competence in sexual health education at healthcare centers of Khuzestan, Iran. To assess the competence of the participants (i.e., knowledge, attitude, confidence, and performance), descriptive statistics were calculated for quantitative variables. Also, mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percentage were calculated for qualitative variables. Pearson’s correlation test was performed to assess the relationship between the subjects’ knowledge, attitude, confidence, and performance. Also, the association between demographic variables and participants’ knowledge, attitude, confidence, and performance was evaluated, using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Data were analyzed, using SPSS version 21.0. Results: Knowledge, attitude, and confidence of healthcare workers in sexual health education were desirable. However, the subjects showed a poor performance in teaching students the required skills to control their emotions, instincts, homosexual tendencies, and masturbation. There was a significant correlation between performance, attitude, and confidence, knowledge and attitude, performance and confidence, and confidence, performance, and attitude (P<0.05). Academic field and educational level had significant impacts on knowledge; also, employment status influenced the subjects’ knowledge and attitude. However, statistical analysis did not indicate a significant association between other variables (P<0.05). Overall, the knowledge, attitude, confidence, and performance of the midwifery staff were more desirable than other healthcare providers. Conclusion: Despite the adequate knowledge, positive attitude, and confidence of healthcare workers, their performance on sexual health education, especially taboo topics, was unacceptable. To eradicate the adolescents’ problems in sexual health, it is necessary to conduct broad investigations to identify the underlying causes of healthcare workers’ weak performance in this context.
https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_6627_2c428fc589c39ad9c710918fabce5f7b.pdf
2016-04-01
605
612
10.22038/jmrh.2016.6627
Adolescent
Competence
Health care providers
Sexual health education
Mozhgan
Javadnoori
sedigh110@gmail.com
1
Assistant Professor, Reproductive Health Promotion Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Sanaz
Zangeneh
sanazzangeneh.m@gmail.com
2
MSc in Midwifery, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mitra
Tadayon
tadayon@ajums.ac.ir
3
a) MSc in Midwifery, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran b) Reproductive Health Promotion Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohamadreza
Akhoond
4
Assistant Professor, Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
Shirpak KR, Ardebili HE, Mohammad K, Maticka‐Tyndale E, Chinichian M, Ramenzankhani A, et al. Developing and testing a sex education program for the female clients of health centers in Iran. Sex Education. 2007; 7(4):333-349.
1
United Nations Population Fund. Comprehensive sexuality education: advancing human rights, gender equality and Improved sexual and reproductive health. A report on an International Consultation to Review Current Evidence and Experince. Bogota, Colombia; 2010.
2
Bleakley A, Hennessy M, Fishbein M, Jordan A. How sources of sexual information relate to adolescents’ beliefs about sex. American Journal of Health Behavior. 2009; 33(1):37.
3
Wakhungu PK. Influence of teachers' attitudes, beliefs, and experiences on implementation of classroom-based HIV/AIDS education in rural, public primary schools in the Kaka mega districts. [Doctoral Disssertation]. Kenya: Indiana University; 2011.
4
Kirby D. The impact of schools and school programs upon adolescent sexual behavior. Journal of Sex Research. 2002; 39(1):27-33.
5
Latifnejad Roudsari R, Javadnoori M, Hasanpour M, Hazavehei SM, Taghipour A. Socio-cultural challenges to sexual health education for female adolescents in Iran. Iranian Journal of Reproductive Medicine. 2013; 11(2):101-110.
6
Javadnoori M, Roudsari RL, Hasanpour M, Hazavehei SM, Taghipour A. Female adolescents’ experiences and perceptions regarding sexual health education in Iranian schools: a qualitative content analysis. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research. 2012; 17(7):539.
7
Pokharel S, Kulczycki A, Shakya S. School-based sex education in western Nepal: uncomfortable for both teachers and students. Reproductive Health Matters. 2006; 14(28):156–161.
8
Hajizadeh M, Javadnoori M, Javadifar N. Educational needs of adult men regarding sexual and reproductive health in Ahvaz, Iran. Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health. 2015; 3(3):385-393.
9
Westwood J, Mullan B. Knowledge of school nurses in the UK regarding sexual health education. The Journal of School Nursing. 2006; 22(6):352-357.
10
Klein J, Sendall MC, Fleming M, Lidstone J, Domocol M. School nurses and health education: the classroom experience. Health Education Journal. 2012; 10:
11
Ozer EM, Adams SH, Lustig JL, Gee S, Garber AK, Gardner LR, et al. Increasing the screening and counseling of adolescents for risky health behaviors: a primary care intervention. Pediatrics. 2005; 115(4):960-968.
12
Mathews C, Boon H, Flisher AJ, Schaalma HP. Factors associated with teachers’ implementation of HIV/AIDS education in secondary schools in Cape Town, South Africa. AIDS Care. 2006; 18(4):388-397.
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DiCenso A, Borthwick VW, Creatura C. Completing the picture: adolescents talk about what's missing in sexual health services. Canadian Journal of Public 2001; 92(1):35.
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McFadyen J. Teaching sex education: are Scottish school nurses prepared for the challenge? Nurse Education Today. 2004; 24(2):113-120.
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Jackson V. What is the role of the school nurse in sexual health education? NASN School Nurse (Print). 2011; 26(3):146-147.
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Matza MG. California school nurses knowledge, attitude and intention to participate in sexuality education. [Doctoral Disssertation]. San Diego: University of San Diego; 2012.
17
Reuterswärd M, Lagerström M. The aspects school health nurses find important for successful health promotion. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. 2010; 24(1):156-163.
18
Mkumbo KA. Teachers’ attitudes towards and comfort about teaching school-based sexuality education in urban and rural Tanzania. Global Journal of Health Science. 2012; 4(4):149.
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Speizer IS, Hotchkiss DR, Magnani RJ, Hubbard B, Nelson K. Do service providers in Tanzania unnecessarily restrict clients' access to contraceptive methods? International Family Planning Perspectives. 2000; 26(1):13-
20
Ahanonu EL. Attitudes of healthcare providers towards providing contraceptives for unmarried adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria. Journal of Family & Reproductive Health. 2014; 8(1):33.
21
Smith KA, Harrison A. Teachers' attitudes towards adolescent sexuality and life skills education in rural South Africa. Sex Education. 2013; 13(1):68-81.
22
Westwood J, Mullan B. Teachers' and pupils' perceptions of the school nurse in relation to sexual health education. Sex Education. 2009; 9(3):293-306.
23
Mngadi P, Faxelid E, Zwane I, Höjer B, Ransjo‐Arvidson AB. Health providers' perceptions of adolescent sexual and reproductive health care in Swaziland. International Nursing Review. 2008; 55(2):148-155.
24
Attridge S. Sexual health knowledge in Key Stages 3 and 4 in Wales. British Journal of School Nursing. 2011; 6(5):243-247.
25
Buckley S, McDonald J, Mason D, Gerring Z, Churchward M, Cumming J. Nursing services in New Zealand secondary schools. Health Services Research Centre, School of Government, Victoria University of Wellington. Available at: URL: http://www victoria ac nz/ hsrc/ reports/ downloads /Nursing% 20Services; 2009.
26
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Postnatal Sexual Concerns in Relation to Choice of Delivery Mode among Iranian Women: A Qualitative Content Analysis
Background & aim: Several factors influence the choice of cesarean section and its increasing rate among pregnant women. It seems that sexual satisfaction after childbirth plays a pivotal role in the selection of delivery mode. This study aimed to describe the experiences of pregnant women regarding postnatal sexual concerns and delivery mode selection. Methods:This conventional qualitative content analysis was based on the study by Graneheim & Lundman (2004). Sample population consisted of 18 pregnant women undergoing natural vaginal delivery (NVD) or elective cesarean section (CS) at term in three hospitals and two healthcare centers of Tehran, Iran. Data collection and analysis were performed concurrently, and interviews continued until data saturation was achieved. Results: In this study, the main extracted theme was “decision-making influenced by socio-cultural childbirth beliefs.” One of the main categories comprising the content of the interviews was “meeting the sexual satisfaction of spouse" with subcategories of “spouse dissatisfaction after NVD” and “preserved sexual satisfaction after CS.” The other category was "preserving the original shape of genital organs” with subcategories of “necessity of cosmetic surgery after NVD” and “maintaining an intact genital system after CS.” Conclusion: According to the results of this study, sexual attitudes and beliefs in the Iranian society are essentially involved in women's preference of CS over NVD. Choice of CS by pregnant women is often influenced by the opinion of the spouse, family members, peers, and friends. Therefore, it is recommended that the knowledge of couples in this regard be enhanced through related educational programs.
https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_6892_145fe4f3fdaa3fed5fee6f8979d08da8.pdf
2016-04-01
613
621
10.22038/jmrh.2016.6892
Cesarean section
Childbirth
Iranian women
Sexual activity
Sexual dysfunction
Zahra
Abbaspoor
abbaspoor_z762@yahoo.com
1
a) Assistant Professor, Reproductive Health Improvement Research Centre, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran b) Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Lida
Moghaddam-Banaem
moghaddamb@modares.ac.ir
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Fazlollah
Ahmadi
3
Professor, Department of Nursing, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Anoshirvan
Kazemnejad Lili
4
Professor, Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
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Wright JB, Wright AL, Simpson NA, Bryce FC. A survey of trainee obstetricians preferences for childbirth. European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology. 2001; 97(1):23-25.
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MacDonald C, Pinion SB, MacLeod UM. Scottish female obstetricians' views on elective caesarean section and personal choice for delivery. Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2002; 22(6):586-589.
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Leeman LM, Rogers RG. Sex after childbirth: postpartum sexual function. Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2012; 119(3):647-655.
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Glazener C. Sexual function after childbirth: women's experiences, persistent morbidity and lack of professional recognition. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology. 2005; 104(3):330-335.
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51
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Relationship between Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Job Satisfaction, and Occupational Stress among Midwives Working in Healthcare Centers of Mashhad, Iran, 2014
Background & aim: Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) is a voluntary, organizationally desirable action that is not part of the employee’s formal job requirements. Job satisfaction and stress can affect mental health of midwives, and investigating the relationship between these variables can improve the quality of healthcare services. This study, therefore, was conducted to identify the relationship between OCB, occupational stress, and job satisfaction in Iranian midwives. Methods:This descriptive-correlational study was performed on 122 midwives working at healthcare centers of Mashhad, Iran, in 2014. The participants were chosen using a census approach. The tools for data collection included a demographic questionnaire, Podsakoff’s OCB Questionnaire, Minnesota Satisfaction Scale, and Karasek’s Job Content Questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out using Spearman and Pearson’s correlation, one-way ANOVA, and student t test were by SPSS version 20. Results: The mean age of the midwives was 38.46±7.22 years. OCB had a significant direct correlation with job satisfaction (r=0.223) and a significant negative correlation with job stress (r=-0.270)(P<0.05) of midwives. Mean scores of OCB and its dimensions were higher than average. The majority of midwives (59.0%) were satisfied with their job and most of them (61.5%) had a moderate level of occupational stress. A significant direct correlation was found between OCB and occupational experience (P=0.034), while there was no significant correlation between OCB and demographic or job variables. Moreover, there was no significant correlation between job satisfaction, occupational stress, and demographic/job variables. Conclusion: OCB had a significant direct correlation with job satisfaction and an inverse correlation with occupational stress.
https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_6469_ab3a76b527bd2d0e803164ad79cda750.pdf
2016-04-01
622
630
10.22038/jmrh.2016.6469
Behavior
Job satisfaction
Midwife
Occupational stress
Organizational citizenship
Shahla
Nourani Saadoldin
1
Lecturer, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad, University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad , Iran
AUTHOR
Zahra
Kohansal Daghian
zahrakd175@gmail.com
2
MSc in Midwifery, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Habibolah
Esmaily
3
Professor, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Elaheh
Hooshmand
houshmande@mums.ac.ir
4
a) Assistant Professor, Health Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran b) Department of Economic Health and Management Sciences, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
1. Knezevic B, Milosevic M, Golubic R, Belosevic L, Russo A, Mustajbegovic J. Work-related stress and work ability among Croatian university hospital midwives. Midwifery. 2011; 27(2):146-153.
1
2. Warmelink JC, Hoijtink K, Noppers M, Wiegers TA, de Cock TP, Klomp T, et al. An explorative study of factors contributing to the job satisfaction of primary care midwives. Midwifery. 2015; 31(4):482-488.
2
3. Rezaei DM, Azadehdel M, Farahbod F, Gharehdaghi S. Relationship between organizational citizenship behavior and service quality in the hospitals of Guilan, Northern Iran. Journal of Guilan University of Medical Science. 2011; 20(80):10-15 (Persian).
3
4. Nejat A, Kosarneshan M, Mirzadeh A. Effect organizational citizenship behavior on quality of services. Commercial Survey. 2009; 7(35):72-84 (Persian).
4
5. Moghimi SM. Examine the organizational citizenship behavior and the entrepreneurial culture in public organizational. Culture of Management. 2006; 13:171-192 (Persian).
5
6. Jain AK, Cooper CL. Stress and organisational citizenship behaviours in Indian business process outsourcing organisations. IIMB Management Review. 2012; 24(3):155-163.
6
7. Chu CI, Lee MS, Hsu HM, Chen IC. Clarification of the antecedents of hospital nurse organizational citizenship behavior-an example from a Taiwan regional hospital. Journal of Nursing Research. 2005; 13(4):313-324.
7
8. Bell SJ, Menguc B. The employee-organization relationship, organizational citizenship behaviors, and superior service quality. Journal of retailing. 2002; 78(2):131-146.
8
9. Rahimikian F, Khazaee G, Mehran A, Poor Reza A. Five organizational citizenship behavior dimensionsin midwives of Lorestan university of medical sciences in 2012. Journal of Clinical Research in Paramedical Sciences. 2012; 1(3):11-19 (Persian).
9
10. Mahjoub H, Shateri K, Youzbashi A. Assessing the behavior of organizational citizenship of female experts in Tehran University. Quarterly of Scientific Extension Studies of Human Resources. 2012; 1(3):111-136 (Persian).
10
11. Soleimani N. Evaluation of schools based on the pattern of Hoy & Fidelman organizational health. Journal of New Approaches in Educational Administration. 2010; 1(4):23-44 (Persian).
11
12. Subhadrabandhu T. Job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior of personnel at one university hospital in Thailand. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand. 2012; 95(6):S102-S108.
12
13. Dehghani M, Hayavie-haghighi MH, Kianpory S, Sheibani B. Relationships between social capital organizational citizenship behavior and job satisfaction among nursing staff. Iranian Journal of Nursing Vision. 2014; 3(1):35-44 (Persian).
13
14. Lu H, While AE, Barriball KL. Job satisfaction among nurses: a literature review. International Journal of Nursing Studies. 2005; 42(2):211-227.
14
15. O'Keeffe AP, Corry M, Moser DK. Measuring job satisfaction of advanced nurse practitioners and advanced midwife practitioners in the Republic of Ireland: a survey. Journal of Nursing Management. 2015; 23(1):107-117.
15
16. Wang LW, Tran TT. The study of teachers’ job satisfaction in junior secondary school administration system: a case study of vietnamese national secondary schools’ teachers. Euro-Asian Journal of Economics and Finance. 2015; 3(2):73-89.
16
17. Andrisano-Ruggieri R, Capunzo M, Crescenzo P, Ambrosio R, Savastano R, Boccia G. The role of sentinel events in the measurement of work-related stress. Psychology. 2015; 6(2):151-158.
17
18. Habib S, Shirazi MA. Job satisfaction and mental health among the employees of a general hospital. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology. 2001; 8(4):64-73 (Persian).
18
19. Khorasani A, Kanani NP. Exploring the relationship among organizational justice and organizational citizenship behavior with job satisfaction in Iranian airports holding company. Quarterly Journal of Career & Organizational Counseling. 2012; 4(12):79-100 (Persian).
19
20. Yaacob M, Long CS. Role of occupational stress on job satisfaction. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences. 2015; 6(2S1):82-87.
20
21. Hashemi Nejad N, Rahimi Moghadam S, Mohamadian M, Amiri F. Survey of relationship between mental health and job stress midwives who were working in hospitals of Kerman. The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and infertility. 2013; 16(64):1-9 (Persian).
21
22. Mohamadirizi S, Kordi M, Shakeri MT, Salehi Fadardi J, Hafizi L. Relationship between job stress with menstrual bleeding pattern among midwives. Hayat. 2012; 18(5):1-11 (Persian).
22
23. Chen MC, Fang SH, Fang L. The effects of aromatherapy in relieving symptoms related to job stress among nurses. International Journal of Nursing Practice. 2015; 21(1):87-93.
23
24. Ofili AN, Tobin EA, Ilombu MA, Igbinosun EO, Iniomor I. Assessment of job satisfaction, job stress and psychological health of journalists in South-South, Nigeria. International Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Research. 2015; 3(3):209-218.
24
25. Enjezab B, Farnia F. Occupational stress and psychological-behavioral responses of midwives in public hospitals of Yazd province in 1999. Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services. 2002; 10(3):32-38 (Persian).
25
26. Zerat M, Hassani M, Rashidi A, Hadidi M, Piri M. The moderating role of self-efficacy in relationship between occupational stress with organizational citizenship behavior and job satisfaction among faculty members of Urmia university of medical sciences. Journal of Urmia Nursing and Midwifery Faculty. 2014; 12(3):238-248 (Persian).
26
27. Sohrabizadeh S, Bastani P, Ravangard R. The impact of effective factors organizational citizenship behavior in Shiraz university of medical sciences. Journal of Hospital. 2010; 9(2):75-83 (Persian).
27
28. Bolino MC, Turnley WH, Bloodgood JM. Citizenship behavior and the creation of social capital in organizations. Academy of Management Review. 2002; 27(4):505-522.
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29. Ansary MA, Mirahmadi MR, Zabihzadeh K. Examine the relationship between job stress, job satisfaction, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior. Journal Human Resource Management in The Oil Industry. 2010; 4(13):39 (Persian).
29
30. Shekarkan H, Naami A, Neisi A, Mehrabizade M. The relationship between job satisfaction and organizational civil behavior and job performance of employees of a factory in Ahvaz. Journal of Education Science and Psychology. 2002; 8(4):1-22 (Persian).
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31. Hadizadeh Z. Comparison the level of happiness in midwives working in health center with maternity and its relationship to the their quality of their performance in Mashhad. [Master's Thesis]. Mashhad, Iran: Nursing and Midwifery School of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; 2013 (Persian).
31
32. Soleymani N, Siri MH. A study of the relationship between mental health and organizational citizenship behavior among schools teachers in Pakdasht. Journal of Educational Psychology. 2010; 1(4):87-101 (Persian).
32
33. Ghanbari S, Hajari N. The assessment of the organizational citizenship behavior dimensions. Research Journal in Humanities. 2013; 12(30):83-101 (persian).
33
34. Shafeie M. A survey on job satisfaction in hospital employee of Esfahan medical university. Homa-ye-Salamat. 2010; 35(2):15-23 (Persian).
34
35. Mirmolaei T, Dargahi H, Kazemnejad A, Mohajerrahbari M. Job satisfaction of midwives. Hayat. 2005; 11(2):87-95 (Persian).
35
36. Nadem M, Khodadadi N, Shojaee Z, Ramezani H, Moosavi SM. Job satisfaction among psychiatric nurses in Shafa hospital in Rasht. Holistic Nursing and Midwifery Journal Guilam University of Medical Sciences. 2007; 17(57):37-43 (Persian).
36
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Cervical Ectopic Pregnancy with Placenta Percreta and Gross Hematuria: A Case Report
Background & aim: Cervical ectopic pregnancy is a rare variant of ectopic pregnancy, and placenta percreta is a complex and dangerous condition; patients with these conditions are difficult to manage. In this study, we present a rare case of placenta percreta in cervical pregnancy. Case report: A 32 -year-old woman with 19 weeks of gestation and gross hematuria was admitted to Qaem Hospital in February 2014. Abdominal sonography and magnetic resonance findings indicated percreta. Cystoscopy was performed, which demonstrated invasion of placenta into bladder mucosa. Surgery was planned due to severe hematuria, where cervical ectopic pregnancy with placenta percreta was found. Hysterectomy and partial cystectomy were performed, and to date, the patient is alive and healthy. Conclusion:Placenta percreta with bladder invasion can cause hematuria during pregnancy and early diagnosis can help with successful treatment and management of bleeding.
https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_6604_edd298a67fac3cdf32b665bf1608e57a.pdf
2016-04-01
631
634
10.22038/jmrh.2016.6604
ectopic pregnancy
Hematuria
Placenta
Malihe
Hasanzadeh
hasanzademofradm@mums.ac.ir
1
Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ghaem Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Ali
Mohammadzadeh Rezaee
mohammadzadehma@mums.ac.ir
2
Associate Professor, Department of Urology, Qaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Golrokh
Sherafati
3
Resident, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qaem Hospital, Women Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Afrooz
Azad
azadi.afrooz@gmail.com
4
Resident, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qaem Hospital, Women Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
AUTHOR
Masoumeh
Mirtaymore
mirteimourim@mums.ac.ir
5
Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qaem Hospital, Women Health Research center, Mashhad University of Medical sciences, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Dua A, Isidienu M, Fishwick K. Cervical Ectopic pregnancy: a case report. The International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 2008; 11(1):1-3
1
Vela G, Tulandi T. Cervical pregnancy: the importance of early diagnosis and treatment. Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology. 2007; 14(4):481-484.
2
Kang YJ, Kim BH, Park HS. Cervical pregnancy with placenta accreta. Journal of Womens Medicine. 2011; 4(1):31-33.
3
Kayem G, Deis S, Estrade S, Haddad B. Conservative management of a near-term cervico-isthmic pregnancy, followed by a successful subsequent pregnancy: a case report. Fertility and Sterility. 2008; 89(6):1826.e13-1826.e15.
4
English D, Verma U, Yasin S. Conservative management of a 20-week cervical ectopic pregnancy with placenta percreta. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 2013; 288(1):225-228.
5
Jaswal TS, Singh S, Nanda S, Sangwan K, Chauhan M, Marwah N. Cervical ectopic pregnancy with placenta percreta and bladder wall invasion. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. 2002; 81(10):991-992.
6
Gupta P, Pradeep Y, Goel A, Singh R. Hematuria: an unusual presentation of placenta percreta. Urology. 2012; 80(2):e13-e14.
7
Verma U, Maggiorotto F. Conservative management of second-trimester cervical ectopic pregnancy with placenta percreta. Fertility and Sterility. 2007; 87(3):697.e13-697.e16.
8
Gupta N, Gupta A, Green M, Kang HS, Blankstein J. Placenta percreta at 17 weeks with consecutive hysterectomy: a case report and review of the literature. Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2012; 2012:734834.
9
Adabi K, Nekuie S, Rezaeei Z, Rahimi-Sharbaf F, Banifatemi S, Salimi S. Conservative management of cervical ectopic pregnancy: systemic methotrexate followed by curettage. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics. 2013; 288:687–689.
10
Walker MG, Allen L, Windrim RC, Kachura J, Pollard L, Pantazi S, et al. Multidisciplinary management of invasive placenta previa. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Cannada. 2013; 35(5):417-425.
11
Alkazaleh F, Geary M, Kachura JR, Windrim R. Elective non-removal of the placenta and prophylactic uterine artery embolization postpartum as a diagnostic imaging approach for the management of placenta percreta: a case report. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Cannada. 2004; 26(8):743-746.
12
Amsalem H, Farine D, Allen L, Yinon Y, D'Souza DL, Kachura J, et al. Planned caesarean hysterectomy versus "conserving" caesarean section in patients with placenta accreta. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Cannada. 2011; 33(10):1005-1010.
13
Weichert A, Thomas A, Henrich W, Köhler C, Dudenhausen JW, Kalache K. Cervico-isthmic pregnancy with cervical placenta accrete. Case Reports in Perinatal Medicine. 2012; 1(1-2):11–14.
14
Grigoras D, Pirtea L. Cervical pregnancy with placenta percreta diagnosed after pregnancy termination at 10 weeks. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2014; 34(4):362-364.
15