TY - JOUR ID - 21105 TI - Psychological Consequences of Miscarriage, Ectopic Pregnancy, and Ongoing Normal Pregnancy: The Results of a Pilot Study JO - Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health JA - JMRH LA - en SN - AU - Zamani, Maryam AU - Hasan Zadeh, Atefeh AU - Rajabi, Najme AU - Alimi, Rasoul AU - Azmoude, Elham AD - Lecturer, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran AD - BSc in Midwifery, Student Research Committee, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran AD - BSC in Nursing, Student Research Committee, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran AD - PhD in Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, School of Health, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran Y1 - 2023 PY - 2023 VL - 11 IS - 2 SP - 3751 EP - 3758 KW - ectopic pregnancy KW - Miscarriage KW - Anxiety KW - Depression KW - Post-traumatic stress disorder KW - stress DO - 10.22038/jmrh.2022.63485.1841 N2 - Despite the high prevalence of early pregnancy loss, little is known about the subsequent psychological consequences. The purpose of this pilot study was to find an appropriate sample size for conducting a large study to compare psychological consequences of early pregnancy loss compared with ongoing pregnancy. The study was carried out at a public hospital and the health centers of Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran in 2020. It included 90 women with miscarriage (N=30), ectopic pregnancy (N=30), and ongoing normal pregnancy (N=30). Cohen Perceived Stress Scale, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Posttraumatic Stress Diagnostic Scale were used. Based on the results, there was no statistical difference between the groups for the perceived stress levels, the status of depression, and post-traumatic disorder in the groups (P>0.05). Diagnosis of state anxiety was present in 53.3% of the ectopic pregnancy and 33.3% of miscarriage groups, but only in 20.0% of the ongoing pregnancy group (P=0.025). For trait anxiety, these proportions were 33.3%, 13.3%, and 6.7% in the ectopic pregnancy, miscarriage, and ongoing pregnancy groups respectively (P=0.019). In conclusion, women who experienced miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy reported more anxiety compared to women with ongoing pregnancy. Large-scale studies are needed to substantiate these findings. UR - https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_21105.html L1 - https://jmrh.mums.ac.ir/article_21105_18ae90e88ace27b7cd261208c84bb6de.pdf ER -