The Effectiveness of a Combined Loving Lactation Massage and Conventional Technique in Accelerating the Onset of Lactogenesis II Among Postpartum Mothers: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Research Article

Authors

1 Department of Midwifery, Poltekkes Pontianak, Pontianak, Indonesia

2 Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia

3 Department of Environmental Health, Poltekkes Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia

10.22038/jmrh.2025.84341.2540

Abstract

Background and aim: Postpartum mothers frequently experience a delayed onset of lactogenesis II, which usually stems from hormonal, psychological, or physical factors. Delays in lactogenesis II can negatively affect the success of exclusive breastfeeding. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a combined intervention involving Loving Lactation Massage (LLM) and conventional breast massage techniques in accelerating the onset of lactogenesis II.
Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a post-test-only non-equivalent groups design was conducted from October to December 2022 in PMB Pontianak City. Sixty postpartum mothers were divided into two groups of 30: the treatment group received a combination of LLM and conventional breast massage techniques, while the control group received only the conventional techniques. The onset time of lactogenesis was recorded within 72 hours postpartum using a validated observation sheet and quantified in hours. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test due to non-normal distribution; significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results: The treatment group experienced a significantly earlier onset of lactogenesis II (mean = 26.27 ± 6.76 hours) compared to the control group (mean = 43.26 ± 7.43 hours), with a p-value < 0.001. Maternal comfort was also rated higher in the treatment group.
Conclusion: The combined intervention of LLM and conventional breast massage methods significantly accelerates the onset of lactogenesis II compared to using conventional methods alone. This approach is recommended for postpartum lactation support, particularly in cases of delayed lactogenesis.

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Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 26 April 2026

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