Document Type : Original Research Article
Authors
1
PhD Student, SRM College of Nursing, Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
2
Professor, SRM College of Nursing, Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
10.22038/jmrh.2025.86202.2609
Abstract
Background & aim: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) requires effective management through dietary changes, physical activity, and medications. Adherence to treatment is crucial, as poor adherence can lead to serious maternal and fetal complications. This study explored the factors influencing treatment adherence and compliance among women with GDM, building on prior evidence indicating low adherence levels in this population.
Methods: A qualitative study was conducted at a perinatal facility in Tamil Nadu, India, over six months. Purposeful sampling continued until data saturation, with 21 participants. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were held, and data was analyzed using conventional content analysis with a thematic approach.
Results: Two main themes affecting adherence emerged: 1) personal and family dynamics and 2) provision of health literacy. Personal and family dynamics included subthemes of perceptions of GDM, family support, roles and responsibilities, work-life imbalance, perceived control over self and family decisions, resource access, and prior diabetes exposure. Provision of health literacy emerged from two sub themes of the quality and adequacy of health literacy and challenges in communicating health information.
Conclusion: This study underscores the significant impact of both personal and family dynamics as well as health literacy on treatment adherence. Family factors, including perception of GDM, support, and responsibilities, greatly influence health management practices. Similarly, the quality of health literacy and effective communication of health information are critical for improving adherence. A holistic approach addressing both familial and systemic factors is essential to enhance treatment adherence and overall health outcomes for women with GDM.
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