The Relationship Between Immune Status with Pathologic Leukorrhea among Full-day School Students in Surabaya

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Research Article

Authors

1 Midwife Education Professional Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

2 Department of Public Health Science and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

3 Department of Medical Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

4 Department of Medical Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

10.22038/jmrh.2025.78553.2343

Abstract

Background and Aims: Full-day school has recently become a novel academic behavior in Indonesia for a decade. It has been widely implemented from elementary to senior high grades. Leukorrhea is the most commonly experienced disorder found among female students in full-day Senior High School. Unfortunately, leukorrhea is often accompanied by disturbing symptoms such as genital itching and fishy odor. Primary risk factors for this condition are still uncertain, making the problem difficult to solve. This study aimed to explore factors associated with pathologic leukorrhea among female students in full-day school.
Methods: This study was cross sectional design on 131 female students of Muhammadiyah High School in Surabaya during January 2024. Students who experienced leukorrhea were characterized for nutritional status level of psychological stress, menstrual history, and immune status. The data were collected using DASS-42 questionnaires for psychological stress, ISQ questionnaire for immune status and IMPS I. Vaginal Discharge Assessment form. The relationship was analyzed statistically using Chi Square and Fisher Exact Tests.
Results: Pathologic symptoms were found in the majority (71%) respondents who experiencing leukorrhea. Nutritional status and psychological stress levels failed to show an association with pathologic leukorrhea symptoms (p= 0.977 and p=0.162) with odd ratio (95% CI): 1.295 (1.011-1.659). Surprisingly, a low immune status was associated with pathologic leukorrhea symptoms (p=0.027). Immunocompromised status was found in the majority of students with genital itching.
Conclusion: A low immune status was identified as the primary risk factor for pathologic leukorrhea among full-day school students.

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Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 01 October 2025

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