Document Type : Original Research Article
Authors
1
1. a) PhD Candidate, Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Postal code: 9137913199. b) Lecturer, Department of Midwifery, Meybod Branch, Islamic Azad University, Meybod, Iran.
2
2. a) Professor, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Mashad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Postal code: 9177949025. b) Professor, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University
Abstract
Background & aim: Transparent rules for embryo donation are necessary to maintain the safety, health, dignity, and rights of all parties involved. Countries have different approaches to regulate embryo donation. This study aimed to compare the legislations and guidelines for embryo donation in Iran, US, UK, and Australia.
Method: To conduct this comparative study, electronic databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, PsycInfo, and Scopus were searched to access the relevant laws, regulations, and clinical guidelines, using keywords including Law, Legislation, Guideline, Regulation, Iran, United States of America, England, United Kingdom, Australia, and Embryo Donation, until January 2025. Two documents were obtained from Iran, one from the US, one from the UK, and two from Australia, which were analyzed using qualitative thematic analysis.
Results: Data analysis resulted in three main themes. Theme 1: “A spectrum from comprehensive and effective to incomplete and flawed regulations towards donors”, Theme 2: “Diverse approaches to eligibility, rights and responsibilities of recipients” and Theme 3: “Adequacy vs. reform necessity of regulations to safeguard donor-conceived children”. While the UK and Australia offer more robust legal protections and clearer guidelines, embryo donation regulations in the USA and particularly in Iran are hindered by significant deficiencies and gaps.
Conclusion: The study highlights the need for the continuous revision of embryo donation laws, particularly in Iran and the US. Adoption of more comprehensive, transparent, and updated laws and practices are recommended to improve the regulation of embryo donation and as a consequence ensuring the welfare of all parties involved.
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